World leaders who fell to revolts
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Below is a list of leaders around the world who have stepped down under popular pressure since 2000, as Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak resigned on Friday.
- January 2000 - ECUADOR: President Jamil Mahuad is overthrown following a wave of demonstrations against his economic policy.
- October 2000 - FORMER YUGOSLAVIA: Serbian strongman Slobodan Milosevic steps down after mass demonstrations in Belgrade against election fraud. He is later transferred to the UN war crimes court in The Hague, where he dies before being judged.
- January 2001 - PHILIPPINES: President Joseph Estrada is ousted by a military-backed popular revolt 30 months into his six-year term over accusations of widespread corruption.
- December 2001 - ARGENTINA: President Fernando de la Rua resigns, leaving his palace by helicopter in the wake of a brutal crackdown by police on protests and riots over austerity measures that left some 27 people dead.
- October 2003 - BOLIVIA: President Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada quits and leaves the palace in a helicopter bound for the United States amid riots in which 65 people die over his deals with foreign oil companies.
He is succeeded by his vice president, Carlos Mesa, who resigns in June 2005 after weeks of protests.
- November 2003 - GEORGIA: President Eduard Shevardnadze, who dominated Georgia's political life for 30 years, resigns after protesters, led by Mikheil Saakashvili, storm into parliament, denouncing parliamentary elections won by Shevardnadze's allies. The ouster is known as the Rose Revolution.
- February 2004 - HAITI: President Jean-Bertrand Aristide is forced to quit and flee his country after pressure from the street and the international community, finally taking up exile in South Africa. Around 100 people are killed in the four-week uprising.
- November-December 2004 - UKRAINE: Hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians take to the streets of Kiev to protest a fraud-tainted presidential election won by pro-Russian Viktor Yanukovych. A re-run election, following the so-called Orange Revolution, results in the victory of opposition candidate, pro-Western Viktor Yuschenko.
- March 2005 - KYRGYZSTAN: The regime of President Askar Akayev collapses within several hours under pressure from thousands of demonstrators against the results of legislative elections and corruption. He is given exile in Russia.
- April 2010 - KYRGYZSTAN: Akayev's successor, Kurmanbek Bakiyev, flees to Belarus after days of bloody street riots that ousted his government and left 87 people dead.
- January 2011 - TUNISIA: Tunisian president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, who ruled the country since 1987, quits and flees to Saudi Arabia after deadly protests which cost more than 200 lives. The revolt is known as the Jasmine Revolution.
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