Space secrets may aid cancer treatment
US astron-omers, including one of Indian-origin, have said that the information gathered from studying the universe is showing promise in yielding new cancer treatments.
Studying how chemical elements emit and absorb radiation inside stars and around black holes, Ohio State University astronomers Sultana Nahar and Anil Pradhan are working with medical physicists and radiation oncologists to develop a potential new radiation treatment — one that is intended to be tougher on tumours, but gentler on healthy tissue.
They have discovered that heavy metals such as iron release low-energy electrons when exposed to X-rays at specific energies.
Their discovery raises the possibility that implants made from certain heavy elements could enable doctors to obliterate tumours with low-energy electrons, while exposing healthy tissue to much less radiation than is possible today.
Similar implants could enhance medical diagnostic imaging, they said.
“We believe that nanoparticles embedded in tumours can absorb X-rays efficiently at particular frequencies, resulting in electron ejections that can kill malignant cells,” astronomers Sultana Nahar said.
While typical therapeutic X-ray machines such as CT scanners generate full-spectrum X-rays, hospitals could employ RNPT using only K-alpha X-rays, which would greatly reduce a patient’s radiation exposure, the researchers further added. —ANI
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