A head count to identify the poor, including their caste and religion, was on Thursday approved by the government which aims at ensuring that the benefits of targetted subsidy programme reach them.
A meeting of the Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, gave its nod for conducting a census in rural and urban areas to identify those living below poverty line (BPL).
The enumeration on the basis of caste and religion would be part of the census, that would begin in June and end by December 2011, information and broadcasting minister Ambika Soni said after the Cabinet meeting.
This is the first time that the mammoth head count is being carried out to identify the poor along with their caste and religion. While the last BPL census was carried out in 2002, this is the first effort to carry out caste census since 1931.
The paper-less exercise would be carried out by the state governments through low-cost hand-held devices to be manufactured by state-run Bharat Electronics Limited.
It would help identify the proportion of every religion and caste among the BPL category.
While the BPL data for urban and rural poor would be utilised for the 12th Plan, the targetted subsidy schemes as well as the Unique Identification programme (UID), the data on caste and religion would remain confidential.
The ministries of rural development, housing and urban poverty alleviation and the registrar general of India would jointly conduct the census.
"This completely fulfils the assurance given by government in Parliament to have caste-based census along with the socio-economic profiling. Political leaders demanded this", Soni said.