On January 15, two weeks into the New Year, more than a hundred people died in a stampede in Pulmedu, deep in the core area of Periyar Tiger Reserve. Two years ago, 50 people had died in Pamba in the buffer of the reserve. Pulmedu loosely translates from Malayalam as “grass mounds”, a climax grassland ecosystem that lies interspersed with low altitude evergreen forests. The forests around Pulmedu, especially the Uppupara and Ponnambalamedu region, abound with wildlife — elephants, tigers, sambar, wild boar, Nilgiri langur, lion-tailed macaques and the great Indian hornbills are all residents and indicators of a mature tropical forest. For two months in the year the region is also home to five million people, temporary residents who visit the most famous Shasta shrine in India, Sabarimala.